Well, not exactly, no it does not fill out the forms for you, but yes it can be used to fill out those kind of forms,
* Fill PDF Forms with X/FDF Data and/or Flatten Forms
So be it - as I mentioned, at least I have an option (opposed to having a single Windows system just for PDFs, lol - Good Lord).
There is a lot of alternatives, Nobody has to use MS windows, nor Adobe software, if they don't want to, contrary to what the people that promote those products try to make everyone believe.
As far as this:
And I guess your sentiment extends to Master PDF
No, not necessarily, I have never tried MasterPDF, so I don't know, but if I read the OP correctly, they are looking for software for Linux, not MS Windows,
I do know, if my work requires some type of software, and I can not find it for free , and for a Unix like OS, IE: Linux, or a BSD, I would pay for it, if it works well, that is what counts, I do not let MS nor Adobe force me to use anything.
If I can not find any software, I would be willing to even pay a good programmer/developer, to write something that does what I need, before I would start using MS or Adobe products.
With that said, I stumbled on to this :
https://www.makeuseof.com/tag/7-apps-prove-dont-need-adobe-creative-suite-linux/ I am not sure if it will do the OP any good or not, there are alternatives.
I notice, "scribus" is mentioned, in the above link, I forgot to mention it, but it is also very powerful, and give the user a GUI,. I use it myself, not so much any more , (retired) but used to.
For InDesign: Scribus
I don’t know of many people who do desktop publishing on Linux, but if you need an alternative to Adobe InDesign, rest assured that such an alternative does exist. It’s called Scribus.
I have read where some people say they can use InkScape, on PDF documents, but that might just be gossip.
We do not have to allow the MS and Adobe promoters force us to use their products, they are liars as well, and will tell you things like this:
I believe what you are asking for is impossible, as Adobe published PDF 1.5 as an open standard, but the later published version 1.7 PDF specification contains proprietary Adobe stuff (for example this Adobe XML Forms Architecture) and AFAIK the only way you can use them is by using Adobe products (or possibly products of other producers to whom Adobe has given/sold the permission to use them).--- snip--
But at least the latest version of the reader is only for MacOS, Windows or Android, meaning that you need to use some form of emulation/virtualization to get it to run on a Linux box.
You don't even really need to use MS windows on a VM, either,...there are alternatives.