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Install Debian on Chromebook
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- Posts: 12
- Joined: 2020-11-23 15:36
Install Debian on Chromebook
First, let me wish everyone Happy Holidays and to stay safe and healthy.
I am a newbie to Linux/Debian and am trying to install Debian on my Samsung Chromebook Pro using the article written by David Schneider on GitHub, https://github.com/dnschneid/crouton. I have successfully installed Crouton but get the following error message when I try the next step:
chronos@localhost / $ sh ~/Downloads/crouton -r list
sh: 0: Refusing to exec /home/chronos/user/Downloads/crouton from noexec mount; see https://chromium.googlesource.com/chrom ... scripts.md
I went to that site but could not understand what it was trying to tell me.
My goal is to install Debian with KDE, or other appropriate GUI on my Chromebook. Even better would be to install it on my SD card that I have in the card slot as it has a higher storage capacity than does the machine itself.
Thanks for any help and great Holidays to all.
I am a newbie to Linux/Debian and am trying to install Debian on my Samsung Chromebook Pro using the article written by David Schneider on GitHub, https://github.com/dnschneid/crouton. I have successfully installed Crouton but get the following error message when I try the next step:
chronos@localhost / $ sh ~/Downloads/crouton -r list
sh: 0: Refusing to exec /home/chronos/user/Downloads/crouton from noexec mount; see https://chromium.googlesource.com/chrom ... scripts.md
I went to that site but could not understand what it was trying to tell me.
My goal is to install Debian with KDE, or other appropriate GUI on my Chromebook. Even better would be to install it on my SD card that I have in the card slot as it has a higher storage capacity than does the machine itself.
Thanks for any help and great Holidays to all.
Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
The error message says you've mounted the SD card with noexec as a mount option. You need to read, and understand, all the steps on that site, and follow them exactly. It's certainly possible to run Debian via Crouton on a Samsung chromebook, I've done it, but it was a long time ago. If your chromebook is newer, within the last couple of years, you can run Linux applications on it without needing crouton. You just enable Linux in the settings, and you have Debian Stable available. You can install anything in the Debian Stable repositories, and run it natively just like any other ChromeOS or Android app. It's the best of all three worlds..
Take my advice, I'm not using it.
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- Posts: 12
- Joined: 2020-11-23 15:36
Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
Thank you for the prompt response and on Christmas Day no less. I hope you are having a wonderful Christmas.
I don't quite understand a couple of points in your response. First, is there any way to correct the way the SD card is mounted. I have taken no explicit actions to mount the card in the crouton tab. Second, you say that "you need to read,..." if you are referring to David Schneider's instructions, I thought that I had read and understood what he is saying. If there is something else that you are referring to please point out exactly what you mean so I can review it. My Chromebook is only a couple of years old but Samsung did not implement the Linux capability and I have to use Crouton. Thanks again, Abe
I don't quite understand a couple of points in your response. First, is there any way to correct the way the SD card is mounted. I have taken no explicit actions to mount the card in the crouton tab. Second, you say that "you need to read,..." if you are referring to David Schneider's instructions, I thought that I had read and understood what he is saying. If there is something else that you are referring to please point out exactly what you mean so I can review it. My Chromebook is only a couple of years old but Samsung did not implement the Linux capability and I have to use Crouton. Thanks again, Abe
Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
The way things are now, not a lot is going on here on Christmas, outside of video calls with the grandkids. Maybe next year...
The link in the error message gives a "not found" error for me. Has your chromebook been put into developer mode? That's a prerequisite.
Exactly what have you done? Without knowing exactly the steps you have taken and the commands you've entered, it's hard to figure out exactly what the issue is. What distro (Ubuntu, Debian, something else) and what desktop environment (Xfce, KDE, something else) and exactly how?
The link in the error message gives a "not found" error for me. Has your chromebook been put into developer mode? That's a prerequisite.
Exactly what have you done? Without knowing exactly the steps you have taken and the commands you've entered, it's hard to figure out exactly what the issue is. What distro (Ubuntu, Debian, something else) and what desktop environment (Xfce, KDE, something else) and exactly how?
Take my advice, I'm not using it.
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- Posts: 12
- Joined: 2020-11-23 15:36
Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
We are all praying that 2021 will be a return to some sort of normalcy at least. Zoom has been a tremendous boon. We visit with our kids and grandkids every week as well as our siblings. I haven't seen my sisters so much in 40 years.
I did a powerwash into developer's mode so time ago. I am supposing that I am still in developer's mode as I have to hit Ctl-d on every reboot. I downloaded crouton using "sudo install -Dt /usr/local/bin -m 755 ~/Downloads/crouton" and launched it with "sudo crouton". At that point, when I tried to actually download and install Debian I got my error message. As I said in my initial post, I am following the guidance of David Schneider on GigHub, https://github.com/dnschneid/crouton, and am now at EXAMPLES, where he downloads Ubuntu with xfce. Since I want Debian I had to snoop around the I-net for other examples on how to do that. I am using the following link for guidance - https://www.linux.com/topic/desktop/how ... hromebook/. I used the following to download and install Debian with KDE - sudo sh ~/Downloads/crouton -r buster -t kde. Then I get the error message about "noexec mount".
Hope this is what you are looking for.
I did a powerwash into developer's mode so time ago. I am supposing that I am still in developer's mode as I have to hit Ctl-d on every reboot. I downloaded crouton using "sudo install -Dt /usr/local/bin -m 755 ~/Downloads/crouton" and launched it with "sudo crouton". At that point, when I tried to actually download and install Debian I got my error message. As I said in my initial post, I am following the guidance of David Schneider on GigHub, https://github.com/dnschneid/crouton, and am now at EXAMPLES, where he downloads Ubuntu with xfce. Since I want Debian I had to snoop around the I-net for other examples on how to do that. I am using the following link for guidance - https://www.linux.com/topic/desktop/how ... hromebook/. I used the following to download and install Debian with KDE - sudo sh ~/Downloads/crouton -r buster -t kde. Then I get the error message about "noexec mount".
Hope this is what you are looking for.
Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
Here is what you should have done. I still don't know whether you did it exactly or not.
Download crouton at It should go to Downloads.
Open a shell
Wait patiently and answer the prompts like a good person.
Done! You can jump straight to your kde session by running or, as a special shortcut,
If that doesn't work, report back.
Download crouton at
Code: Select all
https://goo.gl/fd3zc]
Open a shell
Code: Select all
Ctrl-alt-t
shell
Code: Select all
sudo install -Dt /usr/local/bin -m 755 ~/Downloads/crouton
Code: Select all
sudo crouton -r buster -t kde
Done! You can jump straight to your kde session by running
Code: Select all
sudo enter-chroot startkde
Code: Select all
sudo startkde
Take my advice, I'm not using it.
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- Posts: 12
- Joined: 2020-11-23 15:36
Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
I did exactly as you requested. Even to the extent of deleting the version of Crouton that I had and downloading a new copy using your reference. Still can't install Debian. I tried to install Buster using "sudo crouton -r buster -t kde". After telling me that it was downloading the latest crouton installer, I got two lines of #s and the message "/usr/local/chroots/buster is not an ext filesystem", and it stopped at that point.
Thanks again for all of your help.
Thanks again for all of your help.
Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
The crouton script can be deleted and downloaded at will, and should be updated as necessary. It's not part of the Linux system, just a script for running the chroot.
I find the error message about not being an ext filesystem puzzling. It has been a few years since I used crouton, but the /usr/bin location for the crouton install seems wrong. It should go to the SD card. Perhaps that script does that, I haven't looked at it. Is the SD card formatted as ext4, or is it still FAT as it came? You do need to format that as ext4, and perhaps that's where the error is coming from.
I find the error message about not being an ext filesystem puzzling. It has been a few years since I used crouton, but the /usr/bin location for the crouton install seems wrong. It should go to the SD card. Perhaps that script does that, I haven't looked at it. Is the SD card formatted as ext4, or is it still FAT as it came? You do need to format that as ext4, and perhaps that's where the error is coming from.
Take my advice, I'm not using it.
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Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
My 128GB SD card is partitioned, 100GB is ext4 and the rest is FAT32. I have no idea what ext4 is. When I was researching how to install Debian on an SD card I found a source that said I needed the card formatted as ext4 and gave instructions on how to do that, so I did. Ultimately, I would prefer to have Debian on the SD card as storage on a Chromebook is extremely limited.
Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
To which partition is the install going? You didn't say which partition is which. Ext4 is a Linux filesystem type, one of several.
Take my advice, I'm not using it.
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Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
I have no idea which partition Crouton is using. I just run the "sudo crouton -r..." and get the error message. I removed the SD card and got exactly the same response.
Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
Try formatting the SD card as one ext4 partition.
Take my advice, I'm not using it.
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- Posts: 12
- Joined: 2020-11-23 15:36
Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
I'll do that this afternoon, I have a very busy morning.
Thanks again,
Thanks again,
Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
At your convenience. Life goes on here, too.
Take my advice, I'm not using it.
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Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
I formatted my SD card as ext4, reinserted the card, and ran:
chronos@localhost / $ sudo sh -e ~/Downloads/crouton -r buster -t kde
sh: 0: Refusing to exec /home/chronos/user/Downloads/crouton from noexec mount; see https://chromium.googlesource.com/chrom ... scripts.md
You can see that I still have the same problem. I read the document that the shell referred me to, it didn't make any sense to me.
chronos@localhost / $ sudo sh -e ~/Downloads/crouton -r buster -t kde
sh: 0: Refusing to exec /home/chronos/user/Downloads/crouton from noexec mount; see https://chromium.googlesource.com/chrom ... scripts.md
You can see that I still have the same problem. I read the document that the shell referred me to, it didn't make any sense to me.
Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
The only important part of that page is at the very bottom, where it says to follow the updated instructions here: https://github.com/dnschneid/crouton/bl ... /README.md That's about all I can tell you. Assuming you did put your chromebook into developer mode, read it all again. Some may not be relevant, such as the encryption option, but only you can decide that. Do not bother with other sites and tutorials, because they are probably well out of date. I haven't run crouton in a few years, and certainly not since the latest updates. Google keeps changing things, perhaps to deter this use of the chromebook, perhaps not. But be prepared to learn to change things regularly. That's one of the downsides of Google - they cannot make up their minds about anything, and change important parts of their systems on a regular basis.
Take my advice, I'm not using it.
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Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
I have read that document a couple of times and don't really understand what it is trying to tell me.
Thanks for your help and patience. I will keep working at this (it has become a challenge I can't give in to). I think I am going back to step one and do a powerwash and set up developer's mode one more time.
Thanks again and stay healthy.
Thanks for your help and patience. I will keep working at this (it has become a challenge I can't give in to). I think I am going back to step one and do a powerwash and set up developer's mode one more time.
Thanks again and stay healthy.
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- Posts: 12
- Joined: 2020-11-23 15:36
Re: Install Debian on Chromebook
Eureka! Yesterday afternoon I stumbled upon the solution. The trick is to use "sudo crouton -t kde -r buster -n debian". Simple, eh!
Phil - an especial thanks to you.
Phil - an especial thanks to you.