For anyone looking to solve nVidia issues, the takeaway in this thread is that newer nVidia hardware keeps critical firmware on the card (out of the public domain) hence the open source nVidia drivers don't work on older cards, like my Quadro K2200. You need the proprietary ones.
If you're seeing this in dmesg:
Code: Select all
[ 26.055648] NVRM: The NVIDIA GPU 0000:01:00.0 (PCI ID: 10de:13ba)
NVRM: installed in this system is not supported by open
NVRM: nvidia.ko because it does not include the required GPU
NVRM: System Processor (GSP).
NVRM: Please see the 'Open Linux Kernel Modules' and 'GSP
NVRM: Firmware' sections in the driver README, available on
NVRM: the Linux graphics driver download page at
NVRM: www.nvidia.com.
Code: Select all
$ sudo apt autoremove *nvidia* --purge
$ sudo apt install nvidia-driver nvidia-smi nvidia-settings
$ sudo reboot
I've been experiencing two separate (but possibly causally related) intermittent issues with X. Both can be corrected by restarting X, without rebooting.
Code: Select all
sudo service lightdm restartThe secondary issue, which I'm still seeing with the nvidia driver, is the driver going into some kind of wait loop. The display remains active, but is blank, with only a laggy mouse pointer.
I think this is related to waking after sleep, so I need to explore that angle. I'm fairly sure I saw this issue before the driver change, but I think it was probably being masked by the primary issue. I don't have any log of it with nouveau installed.
From /var/log/Xorg.1.log
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[ 23492.639] (--) NVIDIA(GPU-0):
[ 23493.118] (--) NVIDIA(GPU-0): AOC 2450W (DFP-1): connected
[ 23493.118] (--) NVIDIA(GPU-0): AOC 2450W (DFP-1): Internal TMDS
[ 23493.118] (--) NVIDIA(GPU-0): AOC 2450W (DFP-1): 165.0 MHz maximum pixel clock
[ 23493.118] (--) NVIDIA(GPU-0):
.
.
.
It's possible it's a hardware problem with my card, however I ran my system for years on Ubuntu, with no graphics issues. They only appeared after I switched to Debian and xfce.
I'm assuming (but haven't checked) that the Ubuntu system was using nVidia drivers. I like Debian/xfce and don't intend to go back to Ubuntu, but it would be good if somebody could do an audit of differences in the low level graphics software between the two systems.
________________________________________ ORIGINAL POST:
Hi,
apologies for the new thread but the existing ones are too cluttered with overlapping issues..
Nouveau was periodically crashing on my machine and maybe killing my GPU, or maybe it's actually a developing hardware issue. The desktop could be restored without rebooting using sudo service lightdm restart.
Anyway, I used these instructions to install the nvidia driver...
But it won't load...
Code: Select all
sudo dmesg
.
.
[ 26.054765] nvidia-nvlink: Nvlink Core is being initialized, major device number 242
[ 26.055587] nvidia 0000:01:00.0: vgaarb: changed VGA decodes: olddecodes=none,decodes=none:owns=io+mem
[ 26.055648] NVRM: The NVIDIA GPU 0000:01:00.0 (PCI ID: 10de:13ba)
NVRM: installed in this system is not supported by open
NVRM: nvidia.ko because it does not include the required GPU
NVRM: System Processor (GSP).
NVRM: Please see the 'Open Linux Kernel Modules' and 'GSP
NVRM: Firmware' sections in the driver README, available on
NVRM: the Linux graphics driver download page at
NVRM: www.nvidia.com.
[ 26.055672] nvidia: probe of 0000:01:00.0 failed with error -1
[ 26.055684] NVRM: The NVIDIA probe routine failed for 1 device(s).
[ 26.055685] NVRM: None of the NVIDIA devices were initialized.
[ 26.055891] nvidia-nvlink: Unregistered Nvlink Core, major device number 242
.
.
I'd be grateful for a link to the relevant Debian wiki instructions for:
- nVidia driver installation.
- changing kernel version, including manual editing grub (I have other boot drives).
Also, can I revert to nouveau easily (without uninstalling nvidia) while I explore the options?
My system currently works, but with low res graphics.
Ps: I wasn't familiar with timeshift, but I think I'll start using it!
Can I use it to copy an installed system onto another drive (ie, able to run as OS from grub)?____________________________
____________________________
____________________________
Code: Select all
$ inxi -CGSxxz
System:
Kernel: 6.1.0-20-amd64 arch: x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc v: 12.2.0
Desktop: Xfce v: 4.18.1 tk: Gtk v: 3.24.36 wm: xfwm dm: LightDM
Distro: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)
CPU:
Info: quad core model: Intel Core i7-4790 bits: 64 type: MT MCP
arch: Haswell rev: 3 cache: L1: 256 KiB L2: 1024 KiB L3: 8 MiB
Speed (MHz): avg: 1062 high: 2900 min/max: 800/4000 cores: 1: 800 2: 800
3: 800 4: 800 5: 800 6: 800 7: 2900 8: 801 bogomips: 57600
Flags: avx avx2 ht lm nx pae sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 vmx
Graphics:
Device-1: NVIDIA GM107GL [Quadro K2200] driver: N/A arch: Maxwell pcie:
speed: 5 GT/s lanes: 16 bus-ID: 01:00.0 chip-ID: 10de:13ba
Device-2: Logic3 / SpectraVideo plc LG Optical Mouse 3D-310 type: USB
driver: hid-generic,usbhid bus-ID: 2-3.1.3:9 chip-ID: 1267:0210
Display: x11 server: X.Org v: 1.21.1.7 compositor: xfwm v: 4.18.0 driver:
X: loaded: nouveau,vesa unloaded: fbdev,modesetting alternate: nv
dri: swrast gpu: N/A display-ID: :0.0 screens: 1
Screen-1: 0 s-res: 1024x768 s-dpi: 96
Monitor-1: default res: 1024x768 size: N/A
API: OpenGL v: 4.5 Mesa 22.3.6 renderer: llvmpipe (LLVM 15.0.6 256 bits)
direct-render: Yes
Code: Select all
$ nvidia-detect
Detected NVIDIA GPUs:
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GM107GL [Quadro K2200] [10de:13ba] (rev a2)
Checking card: NVIDIA Corporation GM107GL [Quadro K2200] (rev a2)
Your card is supported by all driver versions.
Your card is also supported by the Tesla drivers series.
Your card is also supported by the Tesla 470 drivers series.
It is recommended to install the
nvidia-driver
package.
Code: Select all
$ dpkg -l "*nvidia"
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name Version Architecture Description
+++-=========================-============-============-===========================================>
un bumblebee-nvidia <none> <none> (no description available)
ii glx-alternative-nvidia 1.2.2 amd64 allows the selection of NVIDIA as GLX provi>
un libegl1-glvnd-nvidia <none> <none> (no description available)
un libegl1-nvidia <none> <none> (no description available)
un libgldispatch0-nvidia <none> <none> (no description available)
un libgles1-glvnd-nvidia <none> <none> (no description available)
un libgles2-glvnd-nvidia <none> <none> (no description available)
un libglvnd0-nvidia <none> <none> (no description available)
un libglx0-glvnd-nvidia <none> <none> (no description available)
un libopengl0-glvnd-nvidia <none> <none> (no description available)
ii xserver-xorg-video-nvidia 550.54.15-1 amd64 NVIDIA binary Xorg driver
Code: Select all
$ apt list --installed | grep nvidia
WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.
firmware-nvidia-gsp/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
firmware-nvidia-tesla-gsp/stable-updates,now 525.147.05-7~deb12u1 amd64 [installed]
glx-alternative-nvidia/stable,now 1.2.2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libegl-nvidia0/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libgl1-nvidia-glvnd-glx/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libgles-nvidia1/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libgles-nvidia2/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libglx-nvidia0/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libnvidia-allocator1/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libnvidia-cfg1/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libnvidia-egl-gbm1/stable,now 1.1.0-2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libnvidia-eglcore/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libnvidia-encode1/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libnvidia-glcore/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libnvidia-glvkspirv/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libnvidia-gpucomp1/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libnvidia-ml1/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libnvidia-ptxjitcompiler1/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
libnvidia-rtcore/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-alternative/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-detect/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed]
nvidia-driver-bin/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-driver-libs/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-driver/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed]
nvidia-egl-common/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-egl-icd/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-installer-cleanup/stable,now 20220217+3~deb12u1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-kernel-common/stable,now 20220217+3~deb12u1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-kernel-open-dkms/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed]
nvidia-kernel-support/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-legacy-check/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-modprobe/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-persistenced/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-settings/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed]
nvidia-smi/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed]
nvidia-support/stable,now 20220217+3~deb12u1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-vdpau-driver/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-vulkan-common/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
nvidia-vulkan-icd/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
xserver-xorg-video-nvidia/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
Code: Select all
$ apt list --installed | grep firmware
WARNING: apt does not have a stable CLI interface. Use with caution in scripts.
atmel-firmware/stable,now 1.3-7 all [installed]
bluez-firmware/stable,now 1.2-9 all [installed]
dahdi-firmware-nonfree/stable,now 2.11.1.0.20170917-2 all [installed]
firmware-amd-graphics/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-ast/stable,now 20140808-7 all [installed]
firmware-ath9k-htc/stable,now 1.4.0-108-gd856466+dfsg1-1.3+deb12u1 all [installed]
firmware-atheros/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-bnx2/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-bnx2x/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-brcm80211/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-cavium/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-intel-sound/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-ipw2x00/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-ivtv/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-iwlwifi/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-libertas/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-linux-free/stable,now 20200122-1 all [installed]
firmware-linux-nonfree/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed,automatic]
firmware-misc-nonfree/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-myricom/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-netronome/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-netxen/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-nvidia-gsp/unknown,now 550.54.15-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
firmware-nvidia-tesla-gsp/stable-updates,now 525.147.05-7~deb12u1 amd64 [installed]
firmware-qcom-soc/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-qlogic/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-realtek-rtl8723cs-bt/stable,now 20181104-2 all [installed]
firmware-realtek/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-samsung/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-siano/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-sof-signed/stable,now 2.2.4-1 all [installed]
firmware-ti-connectivity/stable,now 20230210-5 all [installed]
firmware-zd1211/stable,now 1:1.5-10 all [installed]
hdmi2usb-fx2-firmware/stable,now 0.0.0~git20151225-3 all [installed]
Code: Select all
$ lspci -knn
00:00.0 Host bridge [0600]: Intel Corporation 4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller [8086:0c00] (rev 06)
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd 4th Gen Core Processor DRAM Controller [1458:5000]
Kernel driver in use: hsw_uncore
00:01.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x16 Controller [8086:0c01] (rev 06)
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd Xeon E3-1200 v3/4th Gen Core Processor PCI Express x16 Controller [1458:5000]
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
00:14.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 9 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI Controller [8086:8cb1]
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd 9 Series Chipset Family USB xHCI Controller [1458:5007]
Kernel driver in use: xhci_hcd
Kernel modules: xhci_pci
00:16.0 Communication controller [0780]: Intel Corporation 9 Series Chipset Family ME Interface #1 [8086:8cba]
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd 9 Series Chipset Family ME Interface [1458:1c3a]
Kernel driver in use: mei_me
Kernel modules: mei_me
00:1a.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 9 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI Controller #2 [8086:8cad]
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd 9 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI Controller [1458:5006]
Kernel driver in use: ehci-pci
Kernel modules: ehci_pci
00:1b.0 Audio device [0403]: Intel Corporation 9 Series Chipset Family HD Audio Controller [8086:8ca0]
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd 9 Series Chipset Family HD Audio Controller [1458:a182]
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
00:1c.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 9 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 [8086:8c90] (rev d0)
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd 9 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 1 [1458:5001]
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
00:1c.2 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 9 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 3 [8086:8c94] (rev d0)
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd 9 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 3 [1458:5001]
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
00:1c.3 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 9 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 [8086:8c96] (rev d0)
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd 9 Series Chipset Family PCI Express Root Port 4 [1458:5001]
Kernel driver in use: pcieport
00:1d.0 USB controller [0c03]: Intel Corporation 9 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI Controller #1 [8086:8ca6]
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd 9 Series Chipset Family USB EHCI Controller [1458:5006]
Kernel driver in use: ehci-pci
Kernel modules: ehci_pci
00:1f.0 ISA bridge [0601]: Intel Corporation Z97 Chipset LPC Controller [8086:8cc4]
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd Z97 Chipset LPC Controller [1458:5001]
Kernel driver in use: lpc_ich
Kernel modules: lpc_ich
00:1f.2 SATA controller [0106]: Intel Corporation 9 Series Chipset Family SATA Controller [AHCI Mode] [8086:8c82]
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd 9 Series Chipset Family SATA Controller [AHCI Mode] [1458:b005]
Kernel driver in use: ahci
Kernel modules: ahci
00:1f.3 SMBus [0c05]: Intel Corporation 9 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller [8086:8ca2]
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd 9 Series Chipset Family SMBus Controller [1458:5001]
Kernel driver in use: i801_smbus
Kernel modules: i2c_i801
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GM107GL [Quadro K2200] [10de:13ba] (rev a2)
Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation GM107GL [Quadro K2200] [10de:1097]
Kernel modules: nvidia
01:00.1 Audio device [0403]: NVIDIA Corporation GM107 High Definition Audio Controller [GeForce 940MX] [10de:0fbc] (rev a1)
Subsystem: NVIDIA Corporation GM107 High Definition Audio Controller [GeForce 940MX] [10de:1097]
Kernel driver in use: snd_hda_intel
Kernel modules: snd_hda_intel
03:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller [10ec:8168] (rev 06)
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd Onboard Ethernet [1458:e000]
Kernel driver in use: r8169
Kernel modules: r8169
04:00.0 PCI bridge [0604]: Intel Corporation 82801 PCI Bridge [8086:244e] (rev 41)
Subsystem: Gigabyte Technology Co., Ltd 82801 PCI Bridge [1458:8892]
05:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Qualcomm Atheros AR2417 Wireless Network Adapter [AR5007G 802.11bg] [168c:001d] (rev 01)
Subsystem: Qualcomm Atheros AR2417 Wireless Network Adapter [AR5007G 802.11bg] [168c:2055]
Kernel driver in use: ath5k
Kernel modules: ath5k
Code: Select all
$ lsmod | sort
acpi_pad 184320 0
aesni_intel 393216 0
ahci 49152 4
async_memcpy 20480 2 raid456,async_raid6_recov
async_pq 20480 2 raid456,async_raid6_recov
async_raid6_recov 24576 1 raid456
async_tx 20480 5 async_pq,async_memcpy,async_xor,raid456,async_raid6_recov
async_xor 20480 3 async_pq,raid456,async_raid6_recov
at24 28672 0
ath 36864 1 ath5k
ath5k 167936 0
autofs4 53248 2
binfmt_misc 24576 1
blake2b_generic 20480 0
btrfs 1789952 0
button 24576 0
cdrom 81920 1 sr_mod
cfg80211 1142784 3 ath,ath5k,mac80211
chacha_x86_64 28672 1 libchacha20poly1305
configfs 57344 1
coretemp 20480 0
crc16 16384 1 ext4
crc32c_generic 16384 0
crc32c_intel 24576 7
crc32_pclmul 16384 0
crc64 20480 1 crc64_rocksoft
crc64_rocksoft 20480 1 t10_pi
crc_t10dif 20480 1 t10_pi
crct10dif_common 16384 3 crct10dif_generic,crc_t10dif,crct10dif_pclmul
crct10dif_generic 16384 0
crct10dif_pclmul 16384 1
cryptd 28672 2 crypto_simd,ghash_clmulni_intel
crypto_simd 16384 1 aesni_intel
curve25519_x86_64 36864 1 wireguard
dm_mod 184320 0
drm 614400 1 drm_kms_helper
drm_kms_helper 208896 0
efi_pstore 16384 0
ehci_hcd 102400 1 ehci_pci
ehci_pci 20480 0
enclosure 20480 1 ses
evdev 28672 9
ext4 983040 3
fan 20480 0
fuse 176128 5
ghash_clmulni_intel 16384 0
hid 159744 2 usbhid,hid_generic
hid_generic 16384 0
i2c_i801 36864 0
i2c_smbus 20480 1 i2c_i801
intel_cstate 20480 0
intel_pmc_bxt 16384 1 iTCO_wdt
intel_powerclamp 20480 0
intel_rapl_common 32768 1 intel_rapl_msr
intel_rapl_msr 20480 0
intel_uncore 217088 0
ip6_udp_tunnel 16384 1 wireguard
ip_tables 36864 0
irqbypass 16384 1 kvm
iTCO_vendor_support 16384 1 iTCO_wdt
iTCO_wdt 16384 0
jbd2 167936 1 ext4
kvm 1146880 1 kvm_intel
kvm_intel 380928 0
ledtrig_audio 16384 1 snd_hda_codec_generic
libahci 49152 1 ahci
libarc4 16384 1 mac80211
libata 401408 2 libahci,ahci
libchacha 16384 1 chacha_x86_64
libchacha20poly1305 16384 1 wireguard
libcrc32c 16384 4 nf_conntrack,btrfs,nf_tables,raid456
libcurve25519_generic 49152 2 curve25519_x86_64,wireguard
libphy 180224 3 r8169,mdio_devres,realtek
linear 20480 0
loop 32768 0
lp 20480 0
lpc_ich 28672 0
mac80211 1175552 1 ath5k
mbcache 16384 1 ext4
mdio_devres 16384 1 r8169
md_mod 192512 6 raid1,raid10,raid0,linear,raid456,multipath
mei 159744 3 mei_hdcp,mei_me
mei_hdcp 24576 0
mei_me 53248 1
Module Size Used by
multipath 20480 0
nf_conntrack 188416 1 xt_connmark
nf_defrag_ipv4 16384 1 nf_conntrack
nf_defrag_ipv6 24576 1 nf_conntrack
nfnetlink 20480 2 nft_compat,nf_tables
nf_tables 303104 661 nft_compat
nft_compat 20480 116
overlay 163840 0
parport 73728 3 parport_pc,lp,ppdev
parport_pc 40960 1
pcspkr 16384 0
poly1305_x86_64 28672 1 libchacha20poly1305
ppdev 24576 0
qrtr 49152 4
r8169 94208 0
raid0 24576 0
raid10 65536 0
raid1 53248 0
raid456 180224 0
raid6_pq 122880 4 async_pq,btrfs,raid456,async_raid6_recov
rapl 20480 0
realtek 36864 1
rfkill 36864 2 cfg80211
scsi_common 16384 6 scsi_mod,usb_storage,uas,libata,sg,sr_mod
scsi_mod 286720 8 ses,scsi_transport_sas,sd_mod,usb_storage,uas,libata,sg,sr_mod
scsi_transport_sas 49152 1 ses
sd_mod 65536 5
ses 20480 0
sg 40960 0
sha1_ssse3 32768 0
sha256_ssse3 32768 0
sha512_generic 16384 1 sha512_ssse3
sha512_ssse3 49152 0
snd 126976 19 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hwdep,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_realtek,snd_timer,snd_compress,snd_soc_core,snd_pcm
snd_compress 28672 1 snd_soc_core
snd_hda_codec 184320 4 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_hda_codec_generic 98304 1 snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_hda_codec_hdmi 81920 1
snd_hda_codec_realtek 172032 1
snd_hda_core 122880 5 snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_realtek
snd_hda_intel 57344 5
snd_hwdep 16384 1 snd_hda_codec
snd_intel_dspcfg 36864 1 snd_hda_intel
snd_intel_sdw_acpi 20480 1 snd_intel_dspcfg
snd_pcm 159744 8 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_soc_rt5640,snd_compress,snd_soc_core,snd_hda_core
snd_soc_core 352256 1 snd_soc_rt5640
snd_soc_rl6231 20480 1 snd_soc_rt5640
snd_soc_rt5640 147456 0
snd_timer 49152 1 snd_pcm
soundcore 16384 1 snd
sr_mod 28672 0
t10_pi 16384 1 sd_mod
uas 32768 0
udp_tunnel 24576 1 wireguard
usb_common 16384 3 xhci_hcd,usbcore,ehci_hcd
usbcore 348160 7 xhci_hcd,ehci_pci,usbhid,usb_storage,ehci_hcd,xhci_pci,uas
usbhid 65536 0
usb_storage 81920 1 uas
vboxdrv 602112 2 vboxnetadp,vboxnetflt
vboxnetadp 28672 0
vboxnetflt 32768 0
video 65536 0
watchdog 45056 1 iTCO_wdt
wireguard 98304 0
wmi 36864 1 video
x86_pkg_temp_thermal 20480 0
xhci_hcd 315392 1 xhci_pci
xhci_pci 24576 0
xor 24576 2 async_xor,btrfs
x_tables 61440 6 nft_compat,xt_tcpudp,xt_comment,xt_connmark,ip_tables,xt_mark
xt_comment 16384 96
xt_connmark 16384 12
xt_mark 16384 8
xt_tcpudp 20480 0
zstd_compress 294912 1 btrfs
Code: Select all
$ apt list "linux-headers*"
Listing... Done
linux-headers-6.1.0-11-amd64/stable-security 6.1.38-4 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-11-cloud-amd64/stable-security 6.1.38-4 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-11-common-rt/stable-security 6.1.38-4 all
linux-headers-6.1.0-11-common/stable-security 6.1.38-4 all
linux-headers-6.1.0-11-rt-amd64/stable-security 6.1.38-4 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-12-amd64/stable-security,now 6.1.52-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
linux-headers-6.1.0-12-cloud-amd64/stable-security 6.1.52-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-12-common-rt/stable-security 6.1.52-1 all
linux-headers-6.1.0-12-common/stable-security,now 6.1.52-1 all [installed,automatic]
linux-headers-6.1.0-12-rt-amd64/stable-security 6.1.52-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-15-amd64/stable 6.1.66-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-15-cloud-amd64/stable 6.1.66-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-15-common-rt/stable 6.1.66-1 all
linux-headers-6.1.0-15-common/stable 6.1.66-1 all
linux-headers-6.1.0-15-rt-amd64/stable 6.1.66-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-16-amd64/stable-updates 6.1.67-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-16-cloud-amd64/stable-updates 6.1.67-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-16-common-rt/stable-updates 6.1.67-1 all
linux-headers-6.1.0-16-common/stable-updates 6.1.67-1 all
linux-headers-6.1.0-16-rt-amd64/stable-updates 6.1.67-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-17-amd64/stable-security 6.1.69-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-17-cloud-amd64/stable-security 6.1.69-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-17-common-rt/stable-security 6.1.69-1 all
linux-headers-6.1.0-17-common/stable-security 6.1.69-1 all
linux-headers-6.1.0-17-rt-amd64/stable-security 6.1.69-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-18-amd64/stable 6.1.76-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-18-cloud-amd64/stable 6.1.76-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-18-common-rt/stable 6.1.76-1 all
linux-headers-6.1.0-18-common/stable 6.1.76-1 all
linux-headers-6.1.0-18-rt-amd64/stable 6.1.76-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-20-amd64/stable-security,now 6.1.85-1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
linux-headers-6.1.0-20-cloud-amd64/stable-security 6.1.85-1 amd64
linux-headers-6.1.0-20-common-rt/stable-security 6.1.85-1 all
linux-headers-6.1.0-20-common/stable-security,now 6.1.85-1 all [installed,automatic]
linux-headers-6.1.0-20-rt-amd64/stable-security 6.1.85-1 amd64
linux-headers-amd64/stable-security,now 6.1.85-1 amd64 [installed]
linux-headers-cloud-amd64/stable-security 6.1.85-1 amd64
linux-headers-rt-amd64/stable-security 6.1.85-1 amd64
Code: Select all
$ sudo grep non-free /etc/apt/sources.list
# deb cdrom:[Debian GNU/Linux 12 _Bookworm_ - Official Snapshot amd64 LIVE/INSTALL Binary 20230610-08:51]/ bookworm main non-free-firmware
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm contrib main non-free-firmware
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm contrib main non-free-firmware
deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security contrib main non-free-firmware
deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security contrib main non-free-firmware
deb http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates contrib main non-free-firmware
deb-src http://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates contrib main non-free-firmware
Code: Select all
$ dpkg -l linux-image*
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name Version Architecture Description
+++-===================================-============-============-=================================>
un linux-image <none> <none> (no description available)
rc linux-image-6.1.0-11-amd64 6.1.38-4 amd64 Linux 6.1 for 64-bit PCs (signed)
un linux-image-6.1.0-11-amd64-unsigned <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-image-6.1.0-12-amd64 6.1.52-1 amd64 Linux 6.1 for 64-bit PCs (signed)
un linux-image-6.1.0-12-amd64-unsigned <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-image-6.1.0-20-amd64 6.1.85-1 amd64 Linux 6.1 for 64-bit PCs (signed)
un linux-image-6.1.0-20-amd64-unsigned <none> <none> (no description available)
rc linux-image-6.1.0-9-amd64 6.1.27-1 amd64 Linux 6.1 for 64-bit PCs (signed)
un linux-image-6.1.0-9-amd64-unsigned <none> <none> (no description available)
ii linux-image-amd64 6.1.85-1 amd64 Linux for 64-bit PCs (meta-packag>
un linux-image-generic <none> <none> (no description available)
